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Comparison of the Effects of Basal and Conventional Dental Implants on Salivary Levels of IL-1α, IL-1β, and TNFα.
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AR Abood *    , SMH Zeiny |
| 1.College of Dentistry, Ashur University, Baghdad, Iraq. , ahmed.r.abood@au.edu.iq |
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Abstract: (36 Views) |
Background and Objective: Dental implants represent an innovative and effective therapeutic alternative for the replacement of missing teeth within the dental arch. The long-term success or failure of implant therapy is fundamentally determined by the establishment and maintenance of osseointegration-the direct structural and functional connection between the implant surface and the surrounding bone tissue. Osseointegration may extend over a period of up to 6 months, during which it remains susceptible to immune system modulation and may be associated with the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1α, IL-1β, and TNFα. The present study aimed to compare the impact of basal versus conventional dental implants on salivary levels of IL-1α, IL-1β, and TNFα.
Methods: This cross-sectional investigation was performed on 65 subjects, who were assigned to two groups: a conventional implant group (n=45) and a basal implant group (n=20). Unstimulated whole saliva samples (3 mL) were obtained from each participant two hours following the last meal. All samples were immediately in a deep freezer until analysis. Cytokine concentrations were quantified using a Sandwich ELISA, and the results were subsequently compared between the two groups.
Findings: Of the 90 enrolled participants, 47 (52.2%) were female and 43 (47.8%) were male. In the conventional implant group, the mean salivary levels of IL-1α and IL-1β were 0.439±0.02 and 1.049±0.02 ng/mL, respectively. In the basal implant group, corresponding values were 0.442±0.05 and 1.39±0.02 ng/mL. For both markers, the mean TNFα level was 1.070±0.01 ng/mL in the conventional implant group and 1.214±0.04 ng/mL in the basal implant group (p=0.0007).
Conclusion: The present findings indicate that dental implants provoke an inflammatory response, as evidenced by the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1α, IL-1β, and TNFα), which may potentially modulate the rate of osseointegration. Nevertheless, there was no statistically significant difference in the immunological response to these cytokines between the two implant types evaluated in this study. |
Article number: e35 |
| Keywords: Dental Implants, Immune Response, Cytokines, Saliva, Osseointegration. |
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Full-Text [PDF 683 kb]
(11 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Restorative Dentistry
Received: 2025/02/17 | Accepted: 2025/03/29 | Published: 2026/08/5
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